By Cassandra Garrison and Leah Douglas
MEXICO CITY/WASHINGTON, Aug 24 (Reuters) – Mexico is bolstering its screwworm containment campaign in northern border states where recent cases have been detected, heightening scrutiny of livestock exports as cross-border trade resumed on Monday under a phased U.S. reopening.
Mexican Agriculture Minister Columba Lopez said authorities would reinforce the dispersal of sterile flies in Sonora and Chihuahua, a key eradication strategy aimed at preventing the parasite from reproducing.
The phased reopening marks the first easing of a U.S. ban imposed more than a year ago to keep out the flesh-eating pest, with imports set to resume initially through Arizona before expanding to additional ports in New Mexico. The plan has drawn criticism from some U.S. cattle groups and state officials who argue that resuming imports could increase screwworm risks even as the parasite continues to spread in northern Mexico and has already been detected in Texas and New Mexico.
The USDA previously said the reopening would proceed in phases and remain contingent on Mexico’s compliance with screwworm-control measures.
A USDA website on Monday said it reopened the Douglas, Arizona, port to cattle imports from Mexico “guided by overlapping safeguards and a science-based import protocol” agreed upon by the two countries. The USDA will next evaluate the reopening of ports in Santa Teresa and Columbus, New Mexico to cattle, bison, and horses.
“The opening of ports may be paused if USDA identifies increased risk in Sonora or Chihuahua via post-opening audits or other observations/information,” the site said.
Chihuahua, one of Mexico’s most important cattle-exporting states, has reported 183 confirmed screwworm cases since detecting its first case in July, while neighboring Sonora state has reported two confirmed cases after announcing its first detection last week. Sonora has activated emergency surveillance and containment protocols, while Chihuahua has intensified inspections, livestock movement controls and treatment campaigns to prevent further spread.
The sterile insect technique works by releasing millions of sterilized screwworm flies that mate with wild females but produce no offspring, gradually driving down the pest population. Mexico recently opened a sterile-fly production plant in Chiapas, while the United States is building its own production facility in Texas, expected to be completed by spring of 2027.
Mexican President Claudia Sheinbaum referred to the sterile fly technique as a “modern” and “effective” way to fight screwworm.
“That allows us to open the border,” Sheibaum said in her daily press conference.
(Reporting by Cassandra Garrison in Mexico City and Leah Douglas in Washington; additional reporting by Aida Fernandez-Pelaez in Mexico City; Editing by Natalia Siniawski, Chizu Nomiyama and Cynthia Osterman)
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